Te mārama ki ngā rerekētanga, ngā tono, me te heke mai o te LNG me te CNG i roto i te umanga pūngao e whanake ana.
Ko tēhea te pai ake o te LNG, te CNG rānei?
Ko te "Pai ake" e whakawhirinaki ana ki te tono e whakamahia ana. Ko te LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas), he wai i te -162°C, he tino kaha te kaha, he mea tino pai mō ngā waka kawe tawhiti, ngā kaipuke, me ngā tereina e hiahia ana kia tawhiti rawa atu. Ko ngā kawe tawhiti poto pēnei i te tekesi, ngā pahi, me ngā taraka iti he pai ake mō te hau maori kōpeke (CNG), ka taea te penapena hei hau i raro i te pēhanga teitei, ā, he iti ake te kaha o te kaha. Ko te kōwhiringa e whakawhirinaki ana ki te whakatutukitanga o te taurite tika i waenga i te urunga atu ki ngā hanganga me ngā hiahia tawhiti.
He aha ngā waka ka taea te whakamahi i te CNG?
Ka taea te whakamahi i tēnei momo wahie i roto i ngā motuka i hangaia, i hurihia rānei kia rere i runga i te hau māori kua pēhia (CNG). Ko ngā whakamahinga noa mō te CNG ko ngā waka tāone, ngā tekesi, ngā taraka tango para, me ngā waka a te iwi whānui o te tāone (pahi). Ka tukuna hoki ngā waka CNG i hangaia i te wheketere mō te maha o ngā motuka mō ngā pāhihi, pērā i ngā putanga motuhake o te Honda Civic, o te Toyota Camry rānei. Hei tāpiri, ka taea te whakamahi i ngā kete whakawhiti hei whakahou i te maha o ngā motuka me ngā miihini penehīni kia rere i roto i te aratau wahie-rua (penehīni/CNG), e tuku ana i te ngāwari me te penapena utu.
Ka taea te whakamahi i te LNG i roto i ngā waka?
Ahakoa e taea ana i roto i te ariā, he mea tino onge, he mea kore e taea hoki mō ngā motuka noa. Hei pupuri i te āhua wai e -162°C, me hiahia te LNG ki ngā matū matatini,ngā tāke rokiroki cryogenic utu nuiHe nui ēnei pūnaha, he utu nui, ā, kāore e pai mō ngā waka haere iti me te iti o te wāhi o roto. I ēnei rā, ko ngā taraka kaha, tawhiti me ētahi atu waka arumoni nui me te wāhi mō ngā tāke nui me te kaha ki te whiwhi painga mai i te tawhiti o te LNG ko rātou anake ngā waka e whakamahi ana.
He aha ngā ngoikoretanga o te whakamahi i te CNG hei wahie?
Ko ngā ngoikoretanga matua o te CNG ko tōna whānuitanga iti mō te taraiwa ina whakaritea ki te tīhiera, ki te penehīni rānei, me tōna pūnaha iti o ngā teihana whakakī hinu, inā koa i ngā whenua whakawhanake. Nā te meaNgā tāke CNGHe nui, he taumaha hoki, he maha ngā wā ka nui te wāhi e nohoia ana mō ngā utanga, inā koa i roto i ngā motuka mō ngā pāhihi. Hei tāpiri, he nui ake te utu mō te hoko, te whakarerekē rānei i ngā motuka i te tīmatanga. Hei tāpiri, he roa ake ngā wā whakakī hinu i ngā wahie wai, ā, he iti ake pea te mahi i ngā miihini rite e whakakahangia ana e te penehīni.
E hia ngā teihana whakakī hinu CNG kei Nigeria?
Te pūnaha o NigeriaNgā teihana wahie CNGKei te whanake tonu i te tīmatanga o te tau 2024. E whakaatu ana ngā pūrongo hou mai i te umanga he torutoru noa iho ngā teihana CNG tūmatanui e mahi ana, ā, e matapaetia ana kei waenga i te 10 ki te 20 ngā teihana. Ko te nuinga o ēnei kei roto i ngā tāone nui pēnei i a Lagos me Abuja. Heoi, i ngā tau e haere ake nei, tera pea ka piki tere tēnei tau nā te "Kaupapa Whakawhanake Hauhanga" a te kāwanatanga, e tautoko ana i te hau māori hei puna pūngao whai hua ake, ā, he pai ake hoki mō te taiao mō te kawe waka.
Kia pēhea te roa o te ora o tētahi tāke CNG?
He uaua te roa o te whakamahinga o ngā tāke CNG, e tohuhia ana e te rā i whakamahia ai mai i te wā i hangaia ai, kaua e ngā tekau tau. He maha ngā paerewa ā-motu me te ao e kī ana kia 15–20 tau te roa o te whakamahinga o ngā tāke CNG, ahakoa he mea hanga ki te rauemi hangai, ki te maitai rānei. Ahakoa te āhua o te tāke, me whakatika te tāke i muri i tētahi wā kia pai ai te haumaru. Hei wāhanga o ngā mahere whakatika auau, me tirotirohia hoki te kounga o ngā tāke mā te tirotiro tirohanga me ngā whakamātautau pēhanga i ia wā.
Ko tēhea te mea pai ake, te LPG, te CNG rānei?
He momo wahie rerekē te CNG, te LPG rānei, ā, he āhuatanga motuhake anō hoki. Ki te whakatauritea ki te LPG (propane/butane), he taumaha ake i te hau, ā, ka taea te hanga ake, he angiangi ake te CNG, he methane te nuinga, i te hau, ā, ka tere te memeha mēnā ka pakaru. Nā te mea he pai ake te tahu a te CNG, he iti ake ngā putunga e toe ana i roto i ngā wāhanga miihini. I tētahi atu taha, he pūnaha whakakī hinu whānui ake, he whānui ake hoki te LPG puta noa i te ao, he nui ake te kukū o te pūngao, ā, he pai ake te whānuitanga o te whakamahinga. He maha ngā wā ka pāngia tēnei kōwhiringa e te utu o te wahie i tēnei rohe, te maha o ngā waka, me te pūnaha tautoko e wātea ana.
He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te LNG me te CNG?
Ko tō rātou āhua ā-tinana me ngā huarahi rokiroki te take o ngā rerekētanga matua. Ko te hau māori kua kōpeketia, te CNG rānei, ka noho tonu i te āhua hau i ngā pēhanga teitei (ko te tikanga he 200–250 pae). Ko te LNG, te hau māori wai rānei, he hau e puta mai ana mā te whakaheke i te hau māori ki te -162°C, ka huri hei wai, ā, ka whakaitihia te nui o roto tata ki te 600 ngā wā. Nā tēnei, he nui ake te kaha o te LNG i te CNG, ā, he pai mō te kawe tawhiti ina he mea nui te manawanui. Heoi, me whakamahi he taputapu rokiroki cryogenic utu nui, utu nui hoki.
He aha te kaupapa oTāke LNG?
He taputapu rokiroki tino motuhake te tāke LNG. Ko te whāinga matua ko te whakaiti i te hau kohua (BOG) mā te pupuri i te LNG i roto i tōna āhua wai i te pāmahana tino iti e tata ana ki te -162°C. He hoahoa uaua ngā pakitara e rua o ēnei tāke me te whakamarumaru mahi teitei i waenganui i ngā pakitara me te korehau i roto. Ka taea te pupuri me te neke i te LNG i ngā tawhiti roa mā te whakamahi i ngā taraka, ngā kaipuke, me ngā wāhi rokiroki tūmau me te iti o te kino nā tēnei hoahoa.
He aha teTeihana CNG?
Ko te wāhi motuhake e whakarato ana i te wahie mō ngā waka e whakamahia ana e te CNG ka kiia he teihana CNG. Ko te tikanga ka haria te hau māori ki reira i raro i te pēhanga iti e tōna pūnaha kawe tata. Whai muri i tēnā, ka horoia, ka whakamataohia, ka pēhia hoki tēnei hau i roto i ngā wāhanga maha mā te whakamahi i ngā pūwero kaha hei whakatutuki i ngā pēhanga tino teitei (i waenga i te 200 me te 250 pae). Ka whakamahia ngā paipa rokiroki me ngā wairere hei pupuri i te hau tino teitei te pēhanga. Ki te whakaritea ki te whakakī hinu ki te wahie, engari mā te whakamahi i te hau pēhanga teitei ake, ka tukuna te hau mai i ēnei peeke rokiroki ki roto i te tāke CNG o roto o te motuka mā te whakamahi i tētahi taputapu tohatoha motuhake.
He aha te rerekētanga i waenga i te LNG me te hau noa?
E kiia ana te wahie ko te hau "noa". Ko te methane hau maori wai, te LNG rānei, he hau maori kore kino kua rongoatia pai. Ko te ranunga wai kua whakarerekētia o ngā momo warowaihā rerekē e kiia nei ko te wahie ka hangaia mai i te hinu kua whakapaia. Ki te whakatauritea ki te penehīni, he iti ake te kino o ngā matū ka puta mai i te LNG (pērā i ngā waikura hauota (NOx), ngā waikura whanariki, me ngā matūriki) i te wā e tahuna ana, ko ngā hua matua ko te hauhā waro (CO2) me te mamaoa wai. He rerekē ki te pūnaha LNG kei te whanake tonu, he nui ake te kaha o te penehīni mō ia nui, ā, e whiwhi ana i ngā painga o te whatunga whakakī hinu ā-ao whānui.
Ripanga Whakataurite
| Āhuatanga | LNG (Hau Taiao Wai) | CNG (Hau Taiao Kōpeke) |
| Āhua ā-tinana | Wai | Hau |
| Te Kīanga Pūngao | Tino Teitei | Waenga |
| Ngā Taupānga Matua | Ngā taraka mahi taumaha, Ngā kaipuke, Ngā tereina | Pahi, Takisi, Waka Mama |
| Hanganga | Ngā teihana cryogenic motuhake, kāore i te tino kitea | Ngā teihana whakakī, te whakawhānui o te whatunga |
| Āheinga Awhe | Roa-ā-tawhiti | Awhe waenga ki te poto |
| Pēhanga Rokiroki | Pēhanga iti (engari me whakamahi i te pāmahana cryogenic) | Pēhanga teitei (200-250 pae) |
Whakamutunga
I te whakawhiti ki te pūngao ma, he otinga whai hua te LNG me te CNG, kaua ki ngā hua whakataetae. Mō ngā tawhiti roa, mō ngā waka nui, ā, mā te kaha o te pūngao e whakarato ana i te whānuitanga e tika ana, ko te LNG te whiringa pai rawa atu. I tētahi atu taha, he otinga whai hua ake, he whai whakaaro hoki ki te taiao te CNG mō ngā pakihi me ngā tāone nui he taraka mama me haere i runga i te whānuitanga iti. Ka hiahiatia ngā wahie e rua hei whakapai ake i te huringa pūngao, hei whakaiti i ngā tukunga waro, hei whakaiti i ngā utu wahie i ngā mākete e tipu haere ana pērā i a Nigeria. Me āta whakaaro ki ngā momo waka motuhake, te whānuitanga whakahaere, me te whanaketanga o ngā ratonga ā-rohe i te wā e whiriwhiri ana i waenga i a rātou.
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi 12-2025
