He aha te Teihana Whakakī Hinu LNG?

I te whakatairanga haere i ngā tukunga waro-iti, kei te rapu hoki ngā whenua o te ao i ngā puna pūngao pai ake hei whakakapi i te penehīni i roto i te rāngai kawe waka. Ko te wāhanga matua o te hau māori wai (LNG) ko te methane, koinei te hau māori e whakamahia ana e tātou i ia rā. He hau tonu. I raro i te pēhanga noa, hei whakahaere i te kawe waka me te rokiroki, ka whakamataohia te hau māori ki te -162 nekehanga Celsius, ka huri mai i te āhua hau ki te āhua wai. I tēnei wā, ko te rahinga o te hau māori wai he tata ki te 1/625 o te rahinga o te hau māori hau o te taumaha kotahi. Nō reira, he aha te teihana whakakī LNG? Ka tūhuratia e tēnei purongo te kaupapa mahi, ngā āhuatanga whakakī, me te tūranga nui e takarohia ana e ia i roto i te ngaru whakawhiti pūngao o nāianei.

He aha te teihana whakakī hinu LNG?
He taputapu motuhake tēnei i hangaia mō te penapena me te whakakī hinu LNG. Ko te nuinga o te wā, ka whakaratohia he wahie LNG mō ngā taraka utanga tawhiti, ngā pahi, ngā taraka taumaha, ngā kaipuke rānei. He rerekē i ngā teihana penehīni me te tīhiera tuku iho, ka whakawaiwai ēnei teihana i te hau māori tino makariri (-162℃) kia wai, kia māmā ake ai te penapena me te kawe.

Rokiroki: Ka haria te hinu LNG mā roto i ngā tāke waikura, ā, ka rongoatia ki roto i ngā tāke korehau i roto i ngā teihana whakakī LNG hei pupuri i ōna āhuatanga ā-tinana i te pāmahana iti me te āhua wai.

Te Whakakī Hinu: Mēnā e tika ana, whakamahia te papu LNG hei whakawhiti i te LNG mai i te tāke rokiroki ki te mīhini whakakī hinu. Ka honoa e ngā kaimahi whakakī hinu te pūwero o te mīhini whakakī hinu ki te tāke rokiroki LNG o te waka. Ka tīmata te ine i te mita rere i roto i te mīhini whakakī hinu, ā, ka tīmata te whakakī hinu i te LNG i raro i te pēhanga.

He aha ngā wāhanga matua o tētahi teihana whakakī hinu LNG?
Tāke rokiroki korehau pāmahana-iti: He tāke rokiroki korehau paparua-whakamarumaru, ka taea te whakaiti i te whakawhiti wera me te pupuri i te pāmahana rokiroki o te LNG.

Pūwero: He taputapu e huri ana i te LNG wai ki te CNG hau (whakahaunga anō). E whakamahia ana hei whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga pēhanga i te papaanga, hei whakahaere rānei i te pēhanga o ngā tāke rokiroki.

Pūwhakaputa: He atanga kaiwhakamahi atamai tōna, ā, kei roto ngā ngongo, ngā pūwhakakī, ngā mita rere me ētahi atu wāhanga i hangaia mō te LNG pāmahana-iti.

Pūnaha whakahaere: Ka whakauruhia ki tētahi pūnaha whakahaere atamai, haumaru, me te whakauru hei aroturuki i te pēhanga, te pāmahana o ngā taputapu maha i te papaanga, me te tūnga o ngā rawa LNG.

He aha ngā rerekētanga i waenga i ngā teihana whakakī hinu LNG (hau māori wai) me ngā teihana whakakī hinu CNG (hau māori kōpeke)?
Hau Taiao Wai (LNG): Ka rongoatia i roto i te āhua wai i te pāmahana o te -162 nekehanga Celsius. Nā tōna āhua wai, he iti ake te wāhi e nohoia ana e ia, ā, ka taea te whakakī ki roto i ngā tāke o ngā taraka taumaha me ngā taraka utanga, kia roa ai te haere. Nā ēnei āhuatanga ka waiho hei whiringa pai mō ngā pahi tawhiti me ngā taraka taumaha.

Hau Taiao Kōpeke (CNG): Ka rongoatia ki roto i te āhua hau pēhanga teitei. Nā te mea he hau, he nui ake te rahinga e nohoia ana e ia, ā, me nui ake ngā rango hau i runga i te waka, me whakakī pinepine rānei, kia pai ai mō ngā waka tawhiti poto pērā i ngā pahi tāone, ngā waka tūmataiti, me ētahi atu.

He aha ngā painga o te whakamahi i te hau māori waikura (LNG)?
Mai i te tirohanga taiao, he pai ake te taiao o te LNG i te penehīni. Ahakoa he nui te utu hoko tuatahi mō ngā waka LNG, me te hiahia ki ngā tāke rokiroki cryogenic utu nui me ngā miihini motuhake, he iti noa iho te utu o ā rātou wahie. He rerekē, ahakoa he utu tika ngā waka penehīni, he nui ake te utu wahie, ā, ka pāngia e ngā piki me ngā heke o ngā utu hinu o te ao. Mai i te tirohanga ōhanga, he nui ake te pūmanawa o te LNG mō te whanaketanga.

He haumaru te teihana whakakī hinu hau māori kua waimeha?
Ae ra. He paerewa hoahoa rite tonu tā ia whenua mō ngā teihana whakakī hinu hau māori wai, ā, me whai ngā wāhanga hanga e tika ana i ngā paerewa pakari mō te hanga me te whakahaere. Kāore te LNG e pahū. Ahakoa he turuturu LNG, ka tere te memeha atu ki te āhuarangi, ā, e kore e kohia ki te whenua, e kore ai e pahū. I taua wā anō, ka whakamahia hoki e te teihana whakakī hinu he maha ngā whakaurunga haumaru, ka taea te kite pūnaha mēnā he turuturu, he pakaru rānei ngā taputapu.